Geographic Information Systems (Modules 29, 33)

Thursday, June 26; Friday, June 27

Jonnell Robinson (Syracuse University)

This module sequence introduces participants to Geographic Information Systems (GIS), a tool for social science research. Hands-on sessions teach participants basic GIS mapping and spatial analysis techniques and principles of map visualization, particularly the tools that are most commonly used by social scientists. Sessions explore basic visualization and analytical functions such as building and displaying attribute table data on maps and mapping distributions and concentrations as multiple scales. The module also reviews the types and sources of data that are available for GIS users, the ethics of using mapping in research, and how to effectively communicate mapped data using professional cartographic design standards.. Other sessions introduce open source geovisualization and analysis tools including Open Street Map, Google My Maps, and QGIS; demonstrate data collection techniques for archival research, field work, participatory and community‐based mapping, and information about how and where to further hone GIS mapping and spatial analysis skills.

Participants may enter the module sequence after it has begun, but their doing so is discouraged.

Geographic Information Systems I (M29, June 26)

8:45am - 10:15am – Enhancing Qualitative Social Science Research with GIS

This first session of six introduces participants to some of the ways that mapping and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) can enhance a range of qualitative and quantitative research approaches and methodologies. Using housing as a hypothetical research area, the session demonstrates ways to examine housing access using spatial data visualization and analysis. During the hands-on portion of the session, participants will learn the interface of

ESRI’s ArcPro, a leading GIS mapping software.

Required readings:

• ESRI. (n.d.). What is GIS? Geographic Information System Mapping Technology. Retrieved May 10, 2023, from https://www.esri.com/en-us/what-is-gis/overview.

• Hamlin, M. (2022). Participatory sketch mapping for policy: A case study of reentry housing from Chicago. The Professional Geographer, 74(1), 52-66. https://doi.org/10.1080/00330124.2021.1952883

• McElroy, E. (2018). Countermapping displacement and resistance in Alameda County with the Anti-Eviction Mapping Project. American Quarterly, 70(3), 601-604. http://doi.org/10.1353/aq.2018.0039

• Shelton, T. (2018). Mapping dispossession: Eviction, foreclosure and the multiple geographies of housing instability in Lexington, Kentucky. Geoforum, 97, 281-291. doi:https://doi-org.libezproxy2.syr.edu/10.1016/j.geoforum.2018.09.028

Suggested readings:

• Cope, M., & Elwood, S. (2009). Qualitative GIS: A mixed methods approach. Sage. (ebook is available via Syracuse University library)

• Monmonier, M. (2007). Mapping it out: Expository cartography for the Humanities and Social Sciences. Univ. of Chicago Press.

• Steinberg, S. J., & Steinberg, S. L. (2006). GIS: Geographic Information Systems for the Social Sciences: Investigating Space and Place. Sage Publications. (ebook is available via Syracuse University library)

1:30pm - 3:00pm – Basic GIS Functions

This session explores basic map visualization and spatial analysis functions such as building attribute tables, basic SQL queries, buffering map features, and symbolizing point, line, and polygon data.

Required readings:

• ESRI. (n.d.). About ArcGIS Pro. About ArcGIS Pro-ArcGIS Pro Documentation. Retrieved May 10, 2023, from https://pro.arcgis.com/en/pro-app/2.8/get-started/get- started.htm

• Branch, J. (2016). Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in International Relations. International Organization, 70(4), 845-869. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020818316000199

• Nofal, J. (2012, August 6). Basic uses of GIS. GIS Lounge. Retrieved May 10, 2023, from https://www.gislounge.com/basic-uses-of-gis/

• Starr, H. (2002). Opportunity, willingness and geographic information systems (GIS): reconceptualizing borders in international relations. Political Geography, 21(2), 243-261. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0962-6298(01)00058-0

Suggested readings:

• Maantay, J. and Ziegler, J. GIS for the urban environment. Esri Press. 2006.

• Bolstad, P. (2019). GIS Fundamentals: A first text on Geographic Information Systems (6th edition). XanEdu.

3:30pm - 5:00pm – GIS Data Sources, Spatial Data Repositories, and Data Integration

This session will review the types and sources of secondary data that are available for GIS users working in both data rich and data poor settings, the ethics of using mapping in research, and how metadata is used to communicate information about secondary sources of spatial data. Participants will learn how to locate, assess, and download spatial data from web-based repositories and integrate the data into GIS.

Required readings:

• Allen, C., Tsou, M.-H., Aslam, A., Nagel, A., & Gawron, J.-M. (2016). Applying GIS and Machine Learning Methods to Twitter Data for Multiscale Surveillance of Influenza. PLoS ONE, 11(7), e0157734. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0157734

• Crampton, J.W., Huntley, E.M. and Kaufman, E.C. (2017). Societal impacts and ethics of GIS, Elseveier. Comprehensive Geographic Information Systems, 398-414. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-409548-9.09628-7

• Jung J.K. & Elwood, S. (2010). Extending the qualitative capabilities of GIS: computer- aided qualitative GIS. Transactions in GIS, 14(1), 63-87. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467- 9671.2009.01182.x

Suggested readings:

• Gregory, I. N., & Geddes, A. (2014). Toward spatial humanities: Historical GIS and spatial history. Indiana University Press.

Geographic Information Systems II (M33, June 27)

8:45am - 10:15am – Open Source Mapping Tools

This session will introduce open source geovisualization and analysis tools and the opportunities that each presents. Participants will explore OpenStreetMap, Google My Maps, and QGIS.

Required readings:

• Haklay, M., & Weber, P. (2008). OpenStreetMap: User-generated street maps. IEEE Pervasive Computing, 7(4), 12–18.

• Holder, S. (2018, March 14). Who maps the world? Bloomberg CityLab. Retrieved May 10, 2023, from https://www.citylab.com/equity/2018/03/who-maps-the- world/555272

Suggested readings:

• Google. (n.d.). Google My Maps. Retrieved May 10, 2023, from https://www.google.com/maps/about/mymaps/

• OpenStreetMap Contributors. (2022, April 13). OpenStreetMap Wiki. Retrieved May 10, 2023, from https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/w/index.php title=About_OpenStreetMap\&oldid=2310396.

• QGIS. (2020, June 5). Documentation for QGIS 3.4. Retrieved May 10, 2023, from https://docs.qgis.org/3.4/en/docs/index.html

1:30pm - 3:00pm – GIS Data Creation: Digitizing Archival Maps and Historical GIS; Georeferenced Surveys and Community GIS; Sketch Mapping and Participatory GIS

This session teaches various ways to collect primary spatial data. Participants will learn to digitize a historical map, collect georeferenced survey data during field work, and tools to engage research participants in participatory mapping.

Required readings:

• Dunn, C. E. (2007). Participatory GIS – a people’s GIS? Progress in Human Geography, 31(5), 616-637. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309132507081493

• Heasley, L. (2003). Shifting boundaries on a Wisconsin landscape: Can GIS help historians tell a complicated story? Human Ecology, 31(2), 183-213. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1023928728978

• Peluso, N.L. (1995). Whose woods are these? Counter-mapping forest territories in Kalimantan, Indonesia. Antipode, 27(4), 383-406. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467- 8330.1995.tb00286.x

Suggested readings:

• Craig, W.J., Harris, T.M., & Weiner, D. (Eds.). (2002). Community Participation and Geographical Information Systems (1st edition.). CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/9780203469484 (ebook available via Syracuse University library)

• Gregory, I.N. (2005). A place in history: A guide to using GIS in historical research. (2^ndedition). Centre for Data Digitisation and Analysis. Retrieved May 10, 2023, from http://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ian_Gregory2/publication/228725974_A_place_in_hi story_A_guide_to_using_GIS_in_historical_research/links/547726620cf29afed614470b.pdf.

• Oxford Big Data Institute. (n.d.). What is Epicollect5. Epicollect5 Data Collection User Guide. Retrieved May 10, 2023, from https://docs.epicollect.net

3:30pm - 5:00pm – Map Design: Effectively Communicating Mapped Data

This session will provide an overview of basic map design and geovisualization, integrating narrative and photos with GIS, and a discussion about how and where to further hone GIS skills.

Required readings:

• Berry, L. (2020, September 9). 6 easy ways to improve your maps. ArcGIS Blog. Retrieved May 10, 2023, from https://www.esri.com/arcgis- blog/products/mapping/mapping/6-easy-ways-to-improve-your-maps/

• Brewer, C., Harrower, M., and The Pennsylvania State University. COLORBREWER 2.0: Color advice for cartography. Retrieved May 10, 2023, from http://colorbrewer2.org/#type=sequential\&scheme=BuGn\&n=3

• Buckley, A., & Field, K. (2011). Making a Meaningful Map: A checklist for compiling more effective maps. ArcUser. Retrieved May 10, 2023, from http://www.esri.com/news/arcuser/0911/making-a-map-meaningful.html

• Ingraham, C. (2021, November 24). The dirty little secret that data journalists aren’t telling you. The Washington Post. Retrieved May 10, 2023, from https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2016/04/11/the-dirty-little-secret-that- data-journalists-arent-telling-you/

Suggested readings:

• Brewer, C. A. (2015). Designing better maps: A guide for GIS users (2<supnd</supedition). Esri Press.

• Leff, B., Davis-Holland, A., and Ducey, E. (2016). Best practices for map design. Presented at the 2016 Esri FedGIS Conference, Washington, D.C. Retrieved May 10, 2023, from http://proceedings.esri.com/library/userconf/fed16/papers/fed_86.pdf

• MacDonald, H. I., & Peters, A. H. (2011). Urban policy and the census. Esri Press.

• Mitchell, A. (2020). The Esri guide to GIS analysis, Volume 1: Geographic patterns and relationships (2^nd edition). Esri Press.

• Mitchell, A. & Griffin, L.S. (2021). The Esri guide to GIS analysis, Volume 2: Spatial measurements and statistics (2^nd edition). Esri Press.

• Mitchell, A. (2012). The Esri guide to GIS analysis, Volume 3: Modeling suitability, movement, and interaction. Esri Press.

• Monmonier, M. (2017) How to lie with maps. (3rd edition). The University of Chicago Press.